Essay on Muhammad and The Foundation of Islam - 1054 Words

Muhammad and The Foundation of Islam Works Cited Not Included As a religion, Islam is based on the teachings of Muhammad, embodying a sound belief in one God (Allah). Islam is an Arabic word meaning submission, surrender, and obedience (Maududi, 1). It also stands for peace. Its followers are known as Muslims or Moslems. Islam emerged in Arabia, specifically in the city of Mecca, in the seventh century C.E. (Matthews, 386). With the evolution of Islam in Mecca, Mecca is known as the center of Islam. Islam is the youngest of the major world religions with the exception of Sikhism, which is a derivative of Hindu and Muslim beliefs that appeared in India. Islam is a universal religion of monotheism. The goal of Islam is to†¦show more content†¦Khadija was fifteen years older than Muhammad. Muhammad accepted work from Khadija and had led a few caravans for her. Credit should be given to Khadija for Muhammad’s success with Islam because it was her wealth that enabled him to spend a significant amount of time in religious m editation and isolation. Even though she was some years older than her twenty-five-year-old employee and had been married twice, she asked him to marry her (Phipps, 35). The Quran or Koran is the sacred text of Islam, believed to contain the revelations made by Allah to Muhammad. All Muslims study the Quran. The Quran is the final evidence of the Divine origin of the Prophet’s mission (Phipps, 9). The holy Quran is a collection of the divinely inspired utterances and discourses (Ahmed, 16). It is composed of some 300 pages which are divided into 114 Surahs (chapters). The general tone of the holy Quran is sombre and meditative. It is a dialogue between God and humanity. At the core is a moral earnestness (Ahmed, 16). The Quran also teaches that humanity is created by God and therefore God understands its weaknesses and in Allah humans find the source of peace. Islam’s appeal lay – and – lies in the simplicity: one God, one Book, one Prophet (Ahmed, 17). Islam is a religion of balance, equilibrium, and compassion. The Islamic virtues are courage, generosity, cleanliness, and piety: and in his life the Prophet exemplifies them (Ahmed, 17). The Kaaba or CaabaShow MoreRelatedIs The Heart Of Islam?983 Words   |  4 PagesWhat, in your opinion, is the heart of Islam? The heart of Islam is The One True God. The concept of one God is the basis on which the entire religion of Islam revolves around. This concept is the foundation upon with the religion of Islam is built. In fact, the actual definition of Islam means submission; submission to their one true God. Islam followers are called Muslim and the definition of Muslim means one who surrenders or submits to the will of God. Based on these definitions alone, itRead MoreFive Pillars Of Islam And Islam1119 Words   |  5 PagesFive Pillars of Islam All great things are built on a solid and strong foundation. The religion of Islam is no different. The foundation on which Islam was built is known as The Five Pillars of Islam. These are the essential duties that are required of all Muslims. The pillars are the shahadah (declaration of faith), salah (establishment of the five ritual prayers), zakah (almsgiving), sawm (fasting the month of Ramadan), and hajj (pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca). These five pillars are inRead MoreDifferences Between Christianity And Islam1444 Words   |  6 Pagesbeliefs they hold. Christianity and Islam are two religious traditions dominating the world, accounting for over 55% of the population (â€Å"Common Word†). While they greatly differ, the two have undeniable similarities that offer a common ground for the two traditions to unite. It is necessary for these two traditions to coexist and strive for peace so that the majority of the world’s population can live in harmony. The h istory, practices, and sacred texts of Islam and Christianity yield traditions withRead More Thomas W. Lippmans Understanding Islam Essay1224 Words   |  5 PagesThomas W. Lippmans Understanding Islam Thomas W. Lippman gives an introduction to the Muslim world in the book Understanding Islam. He has traveled throughout the Islamic world as Washington Post bureau chief for the Middle East, and as a correspondent in Indochina. This gave him, in his own words, sharp insight into the complexities of that turbulent region. However, the purpose of the book is not to produce a critical or controversial interpretation of Islamic scripture. It is insteadRead MoreMetaphysics Of Muhammad Iqbal1474 Words   |  6 Pagesthis study entitled Metaphysical Thought of Muhammad Iqbal and His College in Reconstructing Character at Institution of Education, (Case Study at Educational Foundation Prof. Dr. H. Kadirun Yahya) In this study the author limits within the conceptual scope, the view of Muhammad Iqbal in metaphysics. Also, the factor, background, and view of Muhammad Iqbal in metaphysic scholars on correlation reconstruct character at educational institution Foundation of Prof. Dr. H. Kadirun Yahya. The authors areRead MoreThe History Of Islam And Islam1247 Words   |  5 PagesThe History of Islam Islam is a religion that was founded in 622 C.E. Its origin is traced to the Arabian Peninsula, and currently has an estimated 1.5 billion followers’ worldwide. The sacred texts that are associated with Islam is the Qur’an and Allah is the Deity they pay homage to. Muslims believe that there is only one true God and several time per day, they stop everything to participate in prayer rituals. The region, in which Islam was founded, was a melting pot of religious beliefs. ThereRead MoreThe Rise Of Islam By Matthew Gordon954 Words   |  4 PagesGordon’s book, â€Å"The Rise of Islam†. Throughout the course of history, many religions have had a profound effect on western civilization. During the early 5th century a religion arose that had an extremely important impact on western civilization. The Arabic prophet Muhammad founded the religion known today as Islam. Violence, diplomacy, Arabic tradition, and public law played a vital role in the rise and conques t of Islam. These four key elements that fostered the rise of Islam helped establish one ofRead MoreThe Life Of Prophet Muhammad1045 Words   |  5 PagesAmine Lehachi Islamic History 1100 Mrs. Jorati September 20th, 2015 The Life of Prophet Muhammad The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH-Peace be upon him) is the messenger of God in Islam. He was born in the city of Makkah (Mecca) in the Arabian Peninsula around 570 CE. Many historians believe he became an orphan at a very early age. The Arabian Peninsula at the time had no law or order; people were described as savages for their ill customs and traditions. People of Arabia worshipped idols and ancientRead MoreThe Five Pillars Of Islam1439 Words   |  6 Pagestheir faith through practicing the Arkan al-Islam - the Five Pillars of Islam. It is the foundation for Muslim faith as evident by Muhammads statement of ‘Islam is built upon five [pillars]’ recorded in the Hadith 3. This entails the declaration of faith (Shahadah), the five daily prayers (Salat), almsgiving (Zakat), fasting during the month of Ramadan (Sawm) and the Hajj pilgrimage. The Shahada translated as ‘testimony’ is the first pillar of Islam that involves reciting the testimony of faithRead MoreThe Historical Origin Of Islam973 Words   |  4 PagesIn order to fully understand the religion of Islam you must start at the very beginning, way back to the time before Muhammad, to understand who the Muslim people were before they were Muslims. The origin of Islam begins over a few million years ago and ends with the death of Muhamad. The historical origin of Islam is important because it illustrates the depth from which the Muslim people have emerged from throughout history. As the reader will find out, the Muslim people sacrificed much in order

Bringing a Change in Organizational Culture - 2500 Words

Critically explain why changing organisational culture is so difficult and how managers can do it. Culture can be defined as â€Å"a set of basic tacit assumptions about how the world is and ought to be that a group of people share and that determines their perceptions, thoughts, feelings, and, to some degree, their overt behaviour† (Schein, 1996). Organizational culture is depend on differences in norms and shared values which are learned in workplace and to direct behaviour of members in the particular organisation. (Cabrera, Cabreraamp; Barajas 2001) Organisational culture was built on its shared beliefs and values which was the guidance to solve problems. This essay will introduce the definition of organisational culture and explain why†¦show more content†¦However, it is hard to change managers. If managers are not satisfied with their employees, employees can be changed, but managers will not changed unless the company go bankrupt. Thus, the most difficult to change organisational culture is to change the mind of managers. For instance, if managers make no attempt to make progress and milk-toast, it will be the most resistance to change organisational change. For this reason, the best way to change is from up to bottom. At the same time, change the mind and ability of leader is the difficult demand for changing organisational culture. To change organisational culture, managers have lot of things to do it. The role of managers is very important through up down system. As Ott (1989) suggested that the leader can do lots of things included staff selection, socialization, removal of deviating members, cultural communication and role model to guide behaviour. For example, managers can choose employees who will support to change organisational culture. Although it will not change the situation directly, they can be the power push the step of changing organisational culture. In the same way, managers can fire part of staff who opposes to change. It is not only reducing resistance to change organisational culture, but also overawe the opponent to change their minds. Furthermore, managers need to be the role model to change organisational culture. The behaviour of managers can beShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Culture : Organisational Culture Essay729 Words   |  3 PagesOrganizational Culture Defined In accordance with the Business Dictionary, organizational culture (similarly entitled Corporate Culture) is the standards and conducts which subsidize to the distinctive communal and the psychosomatic atmosphere of an establishment. 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Formal Analysis Director of Sacrifice free essay sample

Period of the domination of Shamshi-Adad. From the Royal Palace at Mari. Purpose: to decorate the palatial walls. 4. What did the work originally looked like? The original mural depicted most probably more registers with processional fgures and ornamental designs 5. What is the size? 16x423crn. 6. If there is a figure, what is its gaze as it relates to the gaze of the artist or viewer? All figures are orientated to the left, probably heading towards the sacrificial area 7. What is the medium? tempera on a coating of plaster 8. Where is it located? Today is in the Louvre Museum 9. What techniques did the artist use? Probably a combination of fresco and secco 10. What is the line, colour, texture, light, space and form (formal elements, see clarifications bellow)? Positive space the scene, negative space white coloured, contour lines, mass, volume, weight, Wide lines crudely executed intend to be descriptive. Hues: white, black and red brown are the only colours being used for this composition. We will write a custom essay sample on Formal Analysis: Director of Sacrifice or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A primary combined with white and black. Also brown for the bull. The local colours are indicate a degree of exaggeration or idealization. The warm colour red is dominant. No cool colours. One would argue that this is a nearly monochromatic representation almost or one with a highly limited palette. Simulated texture, no lighting and this makes the representation unrealistic. The figures stand on a ground line. Overlapping shows an attempt for 3D. not successful. Normal point of view. No foreshortening but hierarchical proportions 1 . Are there any connections with earlier art history or history in general? When it comes to the mural art, it has a long tradition in the area of the Near East. any symbolism? Not based on this representation (personal opinion). 13. What is the artists philosophy? The palace as a centre of political power is connected to the religious beliefs of the Near Eastern society. 14. Does the piece appear as it was originally constructed? There is distinct evidence of destruction. The mural is partially preserved. 15. Where is the main subject in relation to the foreground, background and middle ground? The preserved scene is divided into 2 registers with male fgures walking to the left. The leader is bigger in size, almost 3 times due to the hierarchical proportions. The dividing line of the registers is at the same time the ground line where the male fgures march. 16. What style does it represent (naturalistic, realistic, stylized etc. )? Naturalistic: representational themes inspired by nature Stylized: use of similar formal values for the representation of the figures, e. g. red coloured male bodies, head and legs in profile, almond shaped eye and torso in frontal view. Linear: strong but flowing outlines and linear arrangement of the composition. B. Specific questions 8. 1 Painting 1 . If it is a still life, what does the artist focus on, technique, composition? It is a narrative scene, that means a representational scene that narrates an event, and specifically a cultural custom that probably used to take place on a regular basis. . In a landscape, is there any human interaction with the land? Whose view of the natural world might the artist have represented? The background is neutral. We have no direct indication of the setting. One might assume that the scene is located in or close to the palace area of Mari. 3. Does the picture convey depth, that is, recession in space? What kind of a perspective does it repres ent? The representation is 2D. 4. If its a portrait does it portray an individual or a social type? What aspect of the sitters personality is expressed? It portrays social groups of the southern Mesopotamian culture and specifically the palace of Mari that participate in a ceremonial event, a public animal sacrifice Stage Two: Putting the answers together in order to write an essay. Only the answers rom the notes are 437 words. After combining the information and organizing it into full sentences and paragraphs the size of the essay has reached 558 words. Director of the Sacrifice, 16 x 423 cm, today in the Louvre Museum was found at the palace of Mari, which is located in northern Syria. This mural represents the Near Eastern civilization and specifically a city-state of the southern Mesopotamian. It is originates from the palatial decoration of the main reception room. The technique is tempera on a coating of plaster and the mural was probably painted by combining both the fresco and secco technique. The positive space portrays social groups of the Near Eastern society that participate in a ceremonial event, namely a public animal sacrifice. One bearded male, possibly a high official is bringing together with the rest male fgures that are orientated to the left, the brown coloured bull to the sacrificial area. The negative space is white painted. The wide, flowing lines intend to be descriptive. The original mural must have depicted more registers with processional fgures and ornamental friezes according to the iconography of the Near Eastern tradition. A primary hue, red (or red-brown), has been combined with white and black surfaces. The colours are local with a degree of exaggeration or idealization. The warm colour red-brown has a dominant role in the composition. One could argue that this is a nearly monochromatic representation or a scene with a very limited palette. The complete absence of light gives to the representation an unrealistic appearance. Although the overlapping, especially, in the area of the hand of the group leader/ director and the bulls head over the bearded man, shows an attempt to represent depth, the composition is clearly two dimensional and has been captured from a normal point of view as seen from a standing viewer. The composition is partially preserved and has been divided into two registers with respective groups of male figures walking leftwards. Their director, whose lower body part and right arm is visible, is almost 3 times bigger in size, a differentiation that indicates the use of hierarchical proportions. The dividing line between the registers serves at the same time as the ground line on which the upper male figures stride. This scene is naturalistic but that at the same time the representational subjects are rendered in a stylized manner. We can safely reach this conclusion due to the fact hat the artist had made use of similar formal values for the representation of the figures, e. . red coloured male bodies, head and legs in profile, almond shaped eye and torso in frontal view. Nevertheless the scene has also an evident linear character with the frequent use of wide but intentionally crudely executed outlines and the linear arrangement of the composition. The mural art has a long tradition in the area of the Near East. However, the preserved examples are limited compared to other civilizations, e. g. Egypt. The Dir ector of the Sacrifice mural has clearly a narrative subject portraying a seasonal ultural festival or ceremony.